Skip to main content

Table 1 Population characteristics by walking pace categories

From: Walking pace, handgrip strength, age, APOE genotypes, and new-onset dementia: the UK Biobank prospective cohort study

Characteristics

Walking pace

P value

Slow

Average

Brisk

N

40,464

261,751

193,485

 

Age, year

58.8 (7.5)

57.1 (8.0)

55.2 (8.1)

 < 0.001

Female, n (%)

22,378 (55.3)

143,128 (54.7)

104,333 (53.9)

 < 0.001

White, n (%)

36,154 (89.9)

245,483 (94.1)

186,472 (96.7)

 < 0.001

Deprivation index

0.0 (3.5)

 − 1.3 (3.1)

 − 1.6 (2.9)

 < 0.001

Higher education, n (%)

9814 (25.0)

88,644 (34.5)

88,644 (34.5)

 < 0.001

BMI, kg/m2

31.2 (6.5)

28.0 (4.7)

25.8 (3.8)

 < 0.001

Optimal physical activity, n (%)

10,523 (30.6)

100,287 (41.2)

83,025 (44.4)

 < 0.001

Healthy diet score

2.9 (1.4)

3.0 (1.4)

3.2 (1.4)

 < 0.001

Smoking, n (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Never

17,807 (44.4)

140,676 (54.0)

112,149 (58.1)

 

 Former

15,272 (38.0)

91,877 (35.2)

64,081 (33.2)

 

 Current

7069 (17.6)

28,158 (10.8)

16,772 (8.7)

 

Alcohol drinking, n (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Never or special occasions

15,393 (38.1)

53,066 (20.3)

27,706 (14.3)

 

 1–3 times/month

4690 (11.6)

30,588 (11.7)

20,006 (10.3)

 

 1–2 times/week

8900 (22.1)

69,318 (26.5)

49,920 (25.8)

 

 3–4 times/week

5660 (14.0)

57,622 (22.0)

51,402 (26.6)

 

 Daily or almost daily

5713 (14.2)

50,916 (19.5)

44,351 (22.9)

 

Prevalent health conditions, n (%)

    

 CVD

9187 (22.8)

20,887 (8.0)

8793 (4.5)

 < 0.001

 Hypertension

29,114 (73.0)

153,871 (59.3)

92,856 (48.3)

 < 0.001

 Depression

4604 (11.4)

14,269 (5.5)

8771 (4.5)

 < 0.001

 Diabetes

6154 (15.2)

14,549 (5.6)

4963 (2.6)

 < 0.001

 Dementia family history

4670 (11.5)

30,531 (11.7)

22,668 (11.7)

0.594

 CRP, mg/L

4.7 (6.5)

2.7 (4.3)

1.9 (3.5)

 < 0.001

 Albumin, g/L

44.5 (2.8)

45.1 (2.6)

45.5 (2.6)

 < 0.001

APOE ε4 dosage

   

 < 0.001

 0

28,129 (74.0)

182,341 (73.6)

134,373 (73.1)

 

 1

9045 (23.8)

59,474 (24.0)

44,861 (24.4)

 

 2

817 (2.2)

6045 (2.4)

4591 (2.5)

 
  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, CVD cardiovascular disease, CRP C-reactive protein. Variables are presented as mean (SD) or n (%)