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Table 1 Study characteristics of included studies

From: The effects of exercise programs on cognition, activities of daily living, and neuropsychiatric symptoms in community-dwelling people with dementia—a systematic review

Study

Country

Sample size

Age [years]

Gender [% female]

MMSE (mean ± SD)

Diagnosis criteria

Type of training

Trial duration [weeks]

Relevant outcomes

Risk of bias

IG

CG

IG

CG

IG

CG

IG

CG

IG

CG

De Oliveira et al. [41]

Brazil

13

14

77.54 ± 8.05

81.22 ± 8.88

78.6

38.5

20.9 ± 4.34

20.66 ± 5.19

DSM-IV

Multimodal training

Usual care

12

Cognition

High concerns

Hoffmann et al. [37]

Denmark

107

93

69.8 ± 7.4

71.3 ± 7.3

47.7

38.7

23.8 ± 3.4

24.1 ± 3.8

NINDS-ADRDA

Aerobic training

Usual care

16

Cognition ADLs NPS

Some concerns

Karssemeijer et al. [39]

The Netherlands

39a

38

80.9 ± 6.1

79.8 ± 6.5

44.7

46.2

22.5 ± 3.1

21.9 ± 3.1

DSM-IV

Aerobic training

Stretching

12

Cognition

Some concerns

Lamb et al. [42]

UK

329

165

76.9 ± 7.7

78.1 ± 7.7

40

37

22.1 ± 4.6

22.1 ± 4.6

DSM-IV

Multimodal training

Usual care

16

Cognition ADLs NPS

Some concerns

Öhman et al. [43, 44]

Finland

70

70

77.5 ± 5.4

78.1 ± 5.3

42.9

37.1

17.8 ± 6.6

17.7 ± 6.2

NINDS-ADRDA

Multimodal training

Usual care

52

Cognition NPS

High concerns

70

78.3 ± 5.1

35.7

18.5 ± 6.3

Park et al. [38]

USA

11

10

84.3 ± 7.7

41.9

14.7 ± 5.65

NI

Strength training

Music intervention

12

NPS

High concerns

10

Chair yoga

Yu et al. [40]

USA

64

32

77.4 ± 6.6

77.5 ± 7.1

44

47

21 ± 3.5

22.2 ± 2.7

NINDS-ADRDA

Aerobic training

Stretching

24

Cognition

High concerns

  1. ADLs Activities of daily living, NPS Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, CG Control group, SM-IV Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—fourth edition, IG Intervention group, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, NINDS-ADRDA National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke/Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association
  2. RCT with 2 intervention groups, but one did not meet inclusion criteria of this review