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Fig. 5 | Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Fig. 5

From: Erythropoietin-derived peptide treatment reduced neurological deficit and neuropathological changes in a mouse model of tauopathy

Fig. 5

Chronic JM4 treatment reduced microglial activation in PS19 mouse brains. a Top row: Images of coronal sections of mouse brains containing the hippocampus at 10 months of age showing IBA-1 immunoreactivity. Rectangles mark dentate gyrus region. × 2 objective. Scale bar 500 μm. Bottom row: Magnified images of the hippocampus dentate gyrus region showing IBA-1 immunoreactivity. × 10 objective. Scale bar: 50 μm. b Magnified images of mouse brain sections containing the hippocampus dentate gyrus region at 10 months of age showing strong MHC II immunoreactivity displaying numerous reactive microglia with thickened appendages in PBS sham-treated P19 mouse brain (left). In contrast, there is diminished MHC II signal in the JM4-treated PS19 mouse brain (right). Scale bar 50 μm. c Magnified mages of mouse brains sections containing the hippocampus dentate gyrus region at 10 months of age showing strong C3 immunoreactivity in PBS sham-treated P19 mouse brain (left). In contrast, there is diminished C3 immunoreactivity in the JM4-treated PS19 mouse brain (right). Scale bar 100 μm. d Quantification of IBA-1 immunoreactivity in the hippocampus dentate gyrus region (*p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test to compare JM4-treated group and PBS sham-treated group and to compare wild-type and PBS sham-treated group). e Quantification of MHC II immunoreactivity (*p < 0.05, two-tailed unpaired t test). f Quantification of C3 immunoreactivity (*p < 0.05, two-tailed unpaired t test). g Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of mouse IBA-1, CD68, IL1β, IL6, and TNFα mRNA levels relative to mouse GAPDH mRNA level in 10 months of age mouse brain lysates (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ns, not significant; one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test to compare JM4-treated group and PBS sham-treated group or to compare wild-type and PBS sham-treated group). The data was normalized to the mean value of wild-type

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