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Table 1 Characteristics based on the TyG index quartiles of 5,586,048 participants obtained from the National Health Information Database between 2009 and 2015 in Korea

From: The insulin resistance by triglyceride glucose index and risk for dementia: population-based study

 

TyG index quartiles

p value

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

TyG index

 Male

< 8.32

≥ 8.32, < 8.70

≥ 8.70, < 9.12

≥ 9.12

< 0.001

 Female

< 8.05

≥ 8.05, < 8.41

≥ 8.41, < 8.79

≥ 8.79

< 0.001

n

2,109,016

2,109,379

2,105,801

2,108,850

 

Age (years)

40.77 ± 13.3

44.08 ± 13.24

46.48 ± 13.12

48.49 ± 12.95

< 0.001

 < 65

1,977,515 (93.76)

1,934,973 (91.73)

1,887,905 (89.65)

1,842,996 (87.39)

 

 ≥ 65

131,501 (6.24)

174,406 (8.27)

217,896 (10.35)

265,854 (12.61)

 

Sex

    

0.935

 Male

1,174,379 (55.68)

1,173,923 (55.65)

1,172,194 (55.66)

1,173,998 (55.67)

 

 Female

934,637 (44.32)

935,456 (44.35)

933,607 (44.34)

934,852 (44.33)

 

BMI (kg/m2)

22.13 ± 2.79

23.03 ± 2.98

23.9 ± 3.08

24.95 ± 3.13

< 0.001

 ≥ 25 kg/m2

310,449 (14.72)

500,595 (23.73)

705,893 (33.52)

987,536 (46.83)

< 0.001

Waist circumference (cm)

75.62 ± 8.29

78.24 ± 8.65

80.63 ± 8.67

83.49 ± 8.4

< 0.001

Male ≥ 90, female ≥ 85

139,015 (6.59)

257,122 (12.19)

400,791 (19.03)

623,333 (29.56)

< 0.001

Regular physical activity

1,142,254 (54.16)

1,111,265 (52.68)

1,086,109 (51.58)

1,050,834 (49.83)

< 0.001

Low socioeconomic status

582,805 (27.63)

559,430 (26.52)

546,658 (25.96)

542,423 (25.72)

< 0.001

Smoking status

    

< 0.001

 Non-smoker

1,304,461 (61.85)

1,254,610 (59.48)

1,217,185 (57.8)

1,164,006 (55.2)

 

 Ex-smoker

284,472 (13.49)

296,684 (14.06)

299,196 (14.21)

286,796 (13.6)

 

 Current smoker

520,083 (24.66)

558,085 (26.46)

589,420 (27.99)

658,048 (31.2)

 

Alcohol consumption

    

< 0.001

 None/mild

1,012,048 (47.99)

1,037,179 (49.17)

1,051,377 (49.93)

1,037,392 (49.19)

 

 Moderate

986,225 (46.76)

943,026 (44.71)

903,865 (42.92)

868,558 (41.19)

 

 Heavy

110,743 (5.25)

129,174 (6.12)

150,559 (7.15)

202,900 (9.62)

 

Systolic BP (mmHg)

117.24 ± 13.53

119.95 ± 14.08

122.49 ± 14.43

126.02 ± 14.93

< 0.001

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

73.22 ± 9.35

75 ± 9.63

76.6 ± 9.77

78.8 ± 10.03

< 0.001

Glucose (mg/dL)

87.16 ± 10.34

91.38 ± 11.41

94.66 ± 13.1

102.8 ± 24.02

< 0.001

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

177.74 ± 29.97

189.18 ± 31.39

198.18 ± 32.91

209.72 ± 36.07

< 0.001

HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

60.65 ± 15.48

57.44 ± 16.36

54.52 ± 17.67

50.44 ± 21.93

< 0.001

LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

105.11 ± 28.07

113.45 ± 30.04

117.95 ± 31.77

113.9 ± 36.14

< 0.001

Triglyceride (mg/dL)

57.53 (57.51–57.55)

89.88 (89.85–89.9)

126.83 (126.78–126.87)

218.13 (218.02–218.25)

< 0.001

Type 2 diabetes

5628 (0.27)

18,042 (0.86)

43,375 (2.06)

180,205 (8.55)

< 0.001

Hypertension

222,942 (10.57)

334,170 (15.84)

450,707 (21.4)

630,060 (29.88)

< 0.001

Dyslipidemia

58,695 (2.78)

124,995 (5.93)

216,260 (10.27)

395,702 (18.76)

< 0.001

CKD

73,945 (3.51)

87,512 (4.15)

104,525 (4.96)

131,611 (6.24)

< 0.001

  1. Data are mean (SD), n (%), or median (IQR). TyG triglyceride glucose, BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, CKD chronic kidney disease