Amyloid-β misfolding as a plasma biomarker indicates risk for future clinical Alzheimer’s disease in individuals with subjective cognitive decline

Table 2 Cox proportional hazard models for Aβ misfolding when unadjusted and adjusted for the risk factors sex, age, and APOEε4. HR hazard ratio

	Unadjusted model (Aβ misfolding)		Adjusted model (Aβ misfolding)
	HR (95% CI)	p value	HR (95% CI)	p value
APOE carrier	Not included		3.3 (1.3, 8.1)	0.01
Age	Not included		1.09 (1.02, 1.15)	0.008
Sex	Not included		1.8 (0.8, 4.5)	0.2
Aβ misfolding
Low misfolding vs normal folding	4.6 (0.6, 38.5)	0.159	10.7 (1.05, 110.1)	0.046
High misfolding vs normal folding	14.0 (1.8, 105.7)	0.011	18.8 (2.2, 157.8)	0.007
Observations	203		203
R²	0.073		0.159
	Adjusted model (Aβ_42/40 ratio)		Full model (Aβ misfolding + Aβ_42/40 ratio)
	HR (95% CI)	p value	HR (95% CI)	p value
APOE carrier	2.7 (1.1, 6.7)	0.034	3.0 (1.2, 7.4)	0.021
Age	1.05 (0.997, 1.113)	0.07	1.07 (1.0, 1.14)	0.049
Sex	1.6 (0.7, 3.8)	0.3	1.3 (0.5, 3.4)	0.6
Aβ misfolding	Not included
Low misfolding vs normal folding			9.3 (0.9,91.1)	0.057
High misfolding vs normal folding			17.0 (2.1, 139.8)	0.009
Aβ_42/40 ratio	0.9 (0.8, 0.99)	0.024	0.9 (0.87, 0.998)	0.046
Observations	203		203
R²	0.120		0.178

ISSN: 1758-9193