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Table 4 Risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia across the different trajectories of subjective cognitive decline, further stratified by age (n = 5661)

From: Trajectories of subjective cognitive decline, and the risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia

SCD trajectory, stratified by agea

No. of MCI and dementia/total (%)

Hazard ratio (95% CI)c

p value

Survival (25th centile) in years (95% CI)b

Participants < 75 years

 No SCD

115/1980 (5.8)

1.0 (Ref)

Ref

Not availabled

 Intermittent SCD

36/473 (7.6)

1.2 (0.8–1.8)

0.350

8.5 (7.5–9.5)

 Persistent SCD

43/362 (11.9)

1.9 (1.2–2.9)

0.003

6.9 (5.8–8.0)

Participants ≥ 75 years

 No SCD

303/1934 (15.7)

1.0 (Ref)

Ref

6.2 (5.7–6.6)

 Intermittent SCD

128/549 (23.3)

1.4 (1.2–1.8)

0.001

4.4 (3.8–5.0)

 Persistent SCD

103/363 (28.4)

2.2 (1.8–2.8)

< 0.001

3.2 (2.2–4.3)

  1. SCD subjective cognitive decline, MCI mild cognitive impairment, CI confidence interval, Ref reference group
  2. aParticipants were stratified into 2 equal-sized age groups based on median age of 75 years
  3. bThe time needed for a quarter of the participants to develop MCI or dementia. The 95% CI was computed with 1000 bootstrap sampling
  4. cModel adjusted for baseline variables of age, sex, ethnicity, years of education, APOE e4 status, current smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, Mini-Mental State Examination score, total score on Geriatric Depression Scale, and presence of anxiety symptoms
  5. dNot available, because less than one-quarter of participants in this group developed MCI or dementia by the end of the follow-up period