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Fig. 14 | Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Fig. 14

From: Nrf2 activation through the PI3K/GSK-3 axis protects neuronal cells from Aβ-mediated oxidative and metabolic damage

Fig. 14

Methazolamide, melatonin, and Trolox activate Nrf2 downstream antioxidative response proteins SOD-1 and HO-1 through the PI3K axis. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with MTZ, MEL, Trolox, or SFN in the presence of the PI3K inhibitors LY294002 and Wortmannin or the GSK-3 inhibitor SB216763 as in Fig. 13. In all cases, SOD-1 and HO-1 expression was evaluated by immunocytochemistry using the respective primary antibodies followed by Alexa 488-conjugated secondary antibodies. Green fluorescence highlights SOD-1 (a) and HO-1 (b) reactivity; blue fluorescence depicts DAPI nuclear DNA counterstaining. Bar, 25 μm in all images. Quantitation of the cytoplasmic SOD-1 and HO-1 fluorescent signals is shown in Additional file 3: Figure S3

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