Fig. 3

Clinical progression between every pair of F+ and F− groups. a, c, e The comparisons of longitudinal changes in cognitive performances and brain structure with A+T+N+F- vs A+T+N−F- revealed in a, A+T+N+F+ vs A+T+N+F- in c, and A+T+N-F+ vs A+T+N+F- in e. Differences between every pair of F+ and F− subgroups were demonstrated by estimates with 95% CIs and p values. Analyses of cognitive decline were adjusted for age, gender, APOE ε4, and years of education. Analyses of brain atrophy were adjusted for age, gender, APOE ε4, and total intracranial volume. b, d, f The Kaplan-Meier curves showing cumulative probability of MCI to AD dementia progression, which were arranged in accordance with the order mentioned above. The small crosses are censored data, and the number of subjects at risk is noted at the bottom of the plot. The unadjusted p values of log-rank test were depicted in the lower left. Abbreviations: MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; RAVLT-total, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test-immediate-total; MTL, middle temporal volume; EC, entorhinal cortex; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; AD Alzheimer’s disease