Haemoglobin, magnetic resonance imaging markers and cognition: a subsample of population-based study

Table 5 Association of haemoglobin levels with cognition

Hb (per g/dl decrease)	Global cognition	Domain specific cognitive performance
Hb (per g/dl decrease)	β (95% CI)^a	Executive β (95% CI)^a	Attention β (95% CI)^a	Language β (95% CI)^a	Verbal Memory β (95% CI)^a	Visual Memory β (95% CI)^a	Visuoconstruction β (95% CI)^a	Visuomotor speed β (95% CI)^a
Model I	−0.05 (− 0.10, − 0.01)	−0.06 (− 0.11, − 0.01)	−0.05 (− 0.09, 0.00)	−0.07 (− 0.12, − 0.02)	−0.02 (− 0.06, 0.03)	−0.05 (− 0.09, 0.00)	−0.04 (− 0.09, 0.00)	−0.04 (− 0.08, 0.00)
Model I	p = 0.011	p = 0.017	p = 0.041	p = 0.007	p = 0.457	p = 0.039	p = 0.055	p = 0.069
Model II	−0.06 (−0.10, − 0.01)	−0.06 (− 0.11, − 0.01)	−0.06 (− 0.11, − 0.01)	−0.07 (− 0.12, − 0.02)	−0.01 (− 0.06, 0.04)	−0.05 (− 0.10, 0.00)	−0.04 (− 0.09, 0.01)	−0.03 (− 0.08, 0.01)
Model II	p = 0.014	p = 0.020	p = 0.014	p = 0.012	p = 0.666	p = 0.063	p = 0.081	p = 0.132
Model III	−0.04 (−0.09, 0.00)	−0.05 (− 0.10, 0.01)	−0.05 (− 0.10, − 0.01)	−0.06 (− 0.12, 0.00)	−0.01 (− 0.06, 0.05)	−0.04 (− 0.09, 0.01)	−0.03 (− 0.08, 0.02)	−0.03 (− 0.07, 0.02)
Model III	p = 0.048	p = 0.078	p = 0.028	p = 0.048	p = 0.395	p = 0.143	p = 0.176	p = 0.217

Hb Haemoglobin
Model I: adjusted for age, gender, race, education and smoking status
Model II: Model I + hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, glomerular filtration rate and body mass index
Model III: Model II + socio-economic status + magnetic resonance imaging markers (intracranial volume, lacunes, white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microbleeds, cortical cerebral microinfarct)
^aThe reported CIs and p values are for decreased haemoglobin levels. These values are extracted from the multivariable models which also included covariates
None of the associations reached revised statistical significance (Bonferroni-corrected p = 0.0071)

ISSN: 1758-9193