Table 2 Baseline characteristics by LIBRA group
Low LIBRA index | Intermediate LIBRA index | High LIBRA index | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total number of participants | 1091 | 1081 | 1102 | |
Range in LIBRA index | −1.0 to 2.6 | 2.6 to 4.2 | 4.2 to 11.6 | |
Demographics | ||||
Age (years) | 74.2 (2.5) | 74.3 (2.5) | 74.5 (2.5) | < 0.01 |
Sex (male) | 528 (48.4%) | 519 (48.0%) | 445 (40.4%) | < 0.01 |
Education | < 0.01 | |||
Low (< 7 years) | 209 (19.2%) | 239 (22.1%) | 330 (29.9%) | |
Medium (7–12 years) | 695 (63.7%) | 671 (62.1%) | 660 (59.9%) | |
High (> 12 years) | 179 (16.4%) | 161 (14.9%) | 101 (9.2%) | |
Race (white) | 1057 (96.9%) | 1042 (96.4%) | 1054 (95.6%) | < 0.01 |
Medical history | ||||
CVD (excluding stroke or TIA) | 66 (6.0%) | 372 (34.4%) | 526 (47.7%) | < 0.01 |
Stroke or TIA | 60 (5.5%) | 95 (8.8%) | 169 (15.3%) | < 0.01 |
Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 151.5 (22.0) | 157.5 (20.8) | 156.7 (20.6) | < 0.01 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 81.0 (10.9) | 82.0 (10.9) | 81.3 (11.0) | 0.09 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.4 (0.9) | 5.4 (1.1) | 4.9 (1.2) | < 0.01 |
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.3 (0.8) | 3.2 (1.0) | 2.8 (1.0) | < 0.01 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.9 (3.1) | 26.7 (3.6) | 29.6 (4.6) | < 0.01 |
Type 2 diabetes | 30 (2.7%) | 103 (9.5%) | 460 (41.7%) | < 0.01 |
Smoking (currently) | 46 (4.2%) | 113 (10.5%) | 265 (24.0%) | < 0.01 |
Alcohol use (units/week) | 3 (0–7) | 4 (0–14) | 0 (0–10) | < 0.01 |
Physically active (WHO) | 1065 (97.6%) | 990 (91.6%) | 784 (71.1%) | < 0.01 |
Creatinine (μmol/L) | 77 (68–88) | 80 (68–93) | 82 (71–97) | < 0.01 |
Medication use | ||||
Antihypertensive medication | 332 (30.4%) | 631 (58.4%) | 838 (76.0%) | < 0.01 |
Cholesterol-lowering medication | 77 (7.1%) | 370 (34.2%) | 664 (60.3%) | < 0.01 |
Disability and neuropsychiatric assessment | ||||
Mini-Mental State Examination | 29 (28–30) | 28,5 (27–29) | 28 (27–29) | < 0.01 |
Visual Association Test | 6 (5, 6) | 6 (5, 6) | 6 (5, 6) | 0.05 |
Geriatric Depression Scale | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (0–4) | < 0.01 |