Anemia is associated with incidence of dementia: a national health screening study in Korea involving 37,900 persons

Table 2 HRs for the incidence of dementia using baseline anemia data

		aHR (95% CI)
	Unadjusted HR	Model 1^a	Model 2^a
Anemia^b	1.32 (1.09–1.60)	1.25 (1.03–1.52)	1.24 (1.02–1.51)
Female sex		1.61 (1.32–1.96)	1.60 (1.32–1.94)
Baseline KDSQ-P^c score ≥ 4		1.72 (1.47–2.01)	1.68 (1.43–1.97)
BMI, kg/m²
< 18.5		0.96 (0.58–1.58)	0.95 (0.57–1.56)
18.5–24.9		1.00	1.00
≥ 25		0.94 (0.80–1.09)	0.93 (0.80–1.09)
Smoking status
Never		1.00	1.00
Former		1.04 (0.80–1.36)	1.03 (0.79–1.35)
Current		1.17 (0.90–1.53)	1.16 (0.89–1.52)
Household income status percentiles, n (%)
≤ 20 (low)		1.00	1.00
30–50		0.95 (0.76–1.18)	0.95 (0.76–1.18)
60–80		0.88 (0.71–1.08)	0.88 (0.72–1.08)
≥ 90 (high)		0.77 (0.62–0.95)	0.77 (0.62–0.9)
Disability		2.25 (0.72–7.01)	2.29 (0.74–7.13)
Depressive symptoms			1.15 (0.73–1.35)
Hypertension			1.02 (0.87–1.19)
Diabetes			1.18 (0.96–1.45)
Dyslipidemia			0.70 (0.57–0.87)

Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, KDSQ-P Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire-P, aHR Adjusted HR
^aAdjusted for sex, baseline KDSQ-P score, BMI, smoking status, household income, and disability (model 1) and for the same variables plus depressive symptoms, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia (model 2)
^bAccording to World Health Organization anemia criteria, anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 13 g/dl for men and < 12 g/dl for women.
^cKDSQ-P score ≥ 4 needs further evaluation for cognitive function

ISSN: 1758-9193