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Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of participants

From: Efficacy of the Ubiquitous Spaced Retrieval-based Memory Advancement and Rehabilitation Training (USMART) program among patients with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled crossover trial

Characteristic

All participants

Sequence 1a

Sequence 2b

p value*

(n = 43)

(n = 23)

(n = 20)

Age (years)

74.01 ± 5.53

73.74 ± 4.84

74.50 ± 6.44

0.668

Female

20 (46.5%)

10 (43.5%)

10 (50.0%)

0.669

Educational level (years)

13.22 ± 3.33

13.52 ± 3.20

12.70 ± 3.69

0.443

Cognitive enhancer use

19 (44.2%)

10 (43.5%)

9 (45.0%)

0.128

WLMT

16.56 ± 4.41

15.83 ± 4.49

17.40 ± 4.28

0.247

WLRT

4.44 ± 2.37

4.30 ± 2.48

4.60 ± 2.30

0.687

WLRcT

8.47 ± 1.82

8.70 ± 1.49

8.20 ± 2.14

0.379

SMCQ

6.51 ± 3.15

5.87 ± 3.22

7.25 ± 2.97

0.152

GDS

9.28 ± 6.78

9.96 ± 7.46

8.50 ± 6.00

0.483

MMSE

25.12 ± 2.88

25.70 ± 3.17

24.45 ± 2.42

0.152

  1. Data shown as mean ± standard deviation or n (%)
  2. *Unpaired t tests for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical variables
  3. GDS Geriatric Depression Scale, MMSE Mini Mental State Examination, n number of subjects, SMCQ Subjective Memory Complaint Questionnaire, USMART Ubiquitous Spaced Retrieval-based Memory Advancement and Rehabilitation Training, WLMT Word List Memory Test, WLRcT Word List Recognition Test, WLRT Word List Recall Test
  4. aParticipants in the USMART–usual care sequence
  5. bParticipants in the usual care–USMART sequence