Table 1 Active amyloid-beta immunotherapies in development

CAD106

Novartis (Basel, Switzerland)

Aβ_1–6/bacteriophage Qβ coat protein

i.m./s.c.

2

Mild-to-moderate AD

ACC-001 (vanutide cridificar)

Pfizer (New York, USA)/Janssen Research & Development, LLC (Raritan and Titusville, NJ, USA)

Aβ_1–7/nontoxic diphtheria toxin (CRM197)/Qs21 adjuvant

i.m.

2

Mild-to-moderate AD, early AD

AD02

AFFiRiS (Vienna, Austria)/GlaxoSmithKline (Brentford, UK)

Aβ_1–6 mimetic/keyhole limpet hemocyanin/aluminum adjuvant

s.c.

2

Mild-to-moderate AD, early AD

ACI-24

AC Immune (Lausanne, Switzerland)

Tetra-palmitoylated Aβ_{1– 15}/reconstituted in liposome

s.c.

1/2

Mild-to-moderate AD

V950

Merck & Co. (Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA)

Multivalent Aβ peptide/ISCOMATRIX™ adjuvant

i.m.

1 (discontinued)

Mild-to-moderate AD

UB-311

United Biochemical, Inc. (Hauppauge, NY, USA)

Two UBITh^® synthetic peptides coupled to Aβ_1–14 peptide/CpG oligonucleotide

i.m.

2

Mild-to-moderate AD

Lu AF20513

Lundbeck A/S (Valby, Denmark)

Aβ_{1– 12} peptide replaced with two foreign T-helper epitopes from tetanus toxoid

N/A

Preclinical

Early AD